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Clive$14335$ - перевод на Английский
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!["9 (Plassey) Battery Royal Artillery" of the [[British Army]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/9 (Plassey) Battery RA.jpeg?width=200 "\"9 (Plassey) Battery Royal Artillery\" of the [[British Army]].")
![Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive of Plassey, meeting with [[Mir Jafar]] after the Battle of [[Plassey]], by [[Francis Hayman]]. [[National Portrait Gallery, London]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Clive.jpg?width=200 "Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive of Plassey, meeting with [[Mir Jafar]] after the Battle of [[Plassey]], by [[Francis Hayman]]. [[National Portrait Gallery, London]].")
![Clive House at [[Fort St. George]], [[Chennai]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Clive House.jpg?width=200 "Clive House at [[Fort St. George]], [[Chennai]]")
.jpg?width=200 "Clive at the siege of Arcot (1751)")
![St Mary's in [[Market Drayton]], whose tower Clive is reputed to have climbed](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/DraytonStMarys.JPG?width=200 "St Mary's in [[Market Drayton]], whose tower Clive is reputed to have climbed")
![Bengal]] and the [[Northern Circars]], during the time of Clive.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/India-ImperialGazetteer-1765.jpg?width=200 "Bengal]] and the [[Northern Circars]], during the time of Clive.")
![2nd Lord Clive]], who served as [[Governor of Madras]], 1799 to 1803. Acquired by the [[Victoria and Albert Museum]] in 1956.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Khizr.JPG?width=200 "2nd Lord Clive]], who served as [[Governor of Madras]], 1799 to 1803. Acquired by the [[Victoria and Albert Museum]] in 1956.")
![Plassey House, now part of the [[University of Limerick]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Plassey House.jpg?width=200 "Plassey House, now part of the [[University of Limerick]]")
![Plaque in memory of Lord Clive in [[Pézenas]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pézenas trois pigeons.jpg?width=200 "Plaque in memory of Lord Clive in [[Pézenas]]")
![The [[Mughal Emperor]] [[Shah Alam II]], as a [[pensioner]] of the [[British East India Company]], 1781.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Shah-alam-ii-mughal-emperor-of-india-reviewing-the-east-india-companys-troops-1781-1894 1247854.jpg?width=200 "The [[Mughal Emperor]] [[Shah Alam II]], as a [[pensioner]] of the [[British East India Company]], 1781.")
![Clive meeting with Emperor [[Shah Alam II]], 1765](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Shah 'Alam conveying the grant of the Diwani to Lord Clive.jpg?width=200 "Clive meeting with Emperor [[Shah Alam II]], 1765")
![A statue of Clive stands tall in [[Shrewsbury]] Square](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Statue of Clive of India - Shrewsbury Square (25476220682).jpg?width=200 "A statue of Clive stands tall in [[Shrewsbury]] Square")
.jpg?width=200 "alt=A colour image Gilmour's houseboat and studio the Astoria, anchored in a river. The background is green forest and it is a bright sunny day.")
![Earls Court]], shortly after its release in 1973: (l–r) Gilmour, Mason, [[Dick Parry]], Waters](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/DarkSideOfTheMoon1973.jpg?width=200 "Earls Court]], shortly after its release in 1973: (l–r) Gilmour, Mason, [[Dick Parry]], Waters")
![''Momentary Lapse of Reason'' tour]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pink Floyd (1989).jpg?width=200 "''Momentary Lapse of Reason'' tour]]")
![Pink Floyd's ''The Wall'' exhibit at the [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pink Floyd The Wall - Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (2014-12-30 15.20.43 by Sam Howzit).jpg?width=200 "Pink Floyd's ''The Wall'' exhibit at the [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]]")
 - NARA - 553890.jpg?width=200 "Pink Floyd performing on their early 1973 US tour, shortly before the release of ''The Dark Side of the Moon''")
![George Hardie]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/The Dark Side of the Moon Cover.svg?width=200 "George Hardie]].")
Определение
Википедия
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Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive, (29 September 1725 – 22 November 1774), also known as Clive of India, was the first British Governor of the Bengal Presidency. Clive has been widely credited for laying the foundation of the British East India Company (EIC) rule in Bengal. He began as a writer (the term used then in India for an office clerk) for the EIC in 1744 and established Company rule in Bengal by winning the Battle of Plassey in 1757. In return for supporting the Nawab Mir Jafar as ruler of Bengal, Clive was granted a jagir of £30,000 (equivalent to £4,300,000 in 2021) per year which was the rent the EIC would otherwise pay to the Nawab for their tax-farming concession. When Clive left India in January 1767 he had a fortune of £180,000 (equivalent to £25,700,000 in 2021) which he remitted through the Dutch East India Company.
Blocking impending French mastery of India, Clive improvised a 1751 military expedition that ultimately enabled the EIC to adopt the French strategy of indirect rule via puppet government. Hired by the EIC to return (1755) to India, Clive conspired to secure the company's trade interests by overthrowing the ruler of Bengal, the richest state in India. Back in England from 1760 to 1765, he used the wealth accumulated from India to secure (1762) an Irish barony from the then Whig PM, Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle, and a seat for himself in Parliament, via Henry Herbert, 1st Earl of Powis, representing the Whigs in Shrewsbury, Shropshire (1761–1774), as he had previously in Mitchell, Cornwall (1754–1755).
Clive's actions on behalf of the EIC have made him one of Britain's most controversial colonial figures. His achievements included checking French imperialist ambitions on the Coromandel Coast and establishing EIC control over Bengal, thereby furthering the establishment of the British Raj, though he worked only as an agent of the East India Company, not of the British government. Vilified by his political rivals in Britain, he went on trial (1772 and 1773) before Parliament, where he was absolved from every charge. Historians have criticised Clive's management of Bengal during his tenure with the EIC, in particular regarding responsibility in contributing to the Great Bengal Famine of 1770, which killed between one and ten million people.
